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PC Tips 8

PC Acronyms

Definition of Acronym: An acronym is a shortcut. It is an easy way to avoid saying or spelling out all the words in a term, phrase or title. An acronym is formed by putting together the first letter of each word in the term,phrase or title, for example the BBC which stands for (The) British Broadcasting Corporation, or WYSIWYG-What you see is what you get or ISP which stands for Internet Service Provider

If there's one thing you need to know when you're talking computers, it's computer acronyms. They're really handy and effective for communication but if you don't know what the letters add up to the acronym is just a brick sinking to the bottom of the conversational water. There are thousands of computer acronyms. The problem is you can't just decide to overlook unfamiliar acronyms because each one is loaded with info that you will undoubtedly need now or later as you use your PC. The list of computer acronyms gets longer all the time. It can be frustrating sitting there enjoying your PC magazine or a PC related article on the net and suddenly be confronted and confounded with some mystery combination(s) of letters that, for you, don't add up to a hill of beans and at the same time distract you from the flow of your article. Well there's a way around all that. You can find and print off a list of computer acronyms posted on a number of sites around the net. No one site can list them all but you should be able to cover your bases pretty well if you take the time to cruise a few sites and print off their list(s) of computer acronyms. Trust me. It will make it easier for you in the long run and as you learn you will find yourself consulting your printed lists less and less! To help you weave your path through PC acronyms I have put together a list here for you to bookmark, save to disk or print off.
No list is exhaustive but you will find this list quite helpful. If you want to look at an enormous list of PC acronyms, I heartily recommend Babel. It's huge. Take a look also at Microsoft's PC and Server glossary and acronyms page. there is also a good list of PC acronyms at Real Knowledge which I found useful in putting this list together and has a number of other good tips and info pages. Computer Knowledge is also good. I am hoping to add the definitions of the terms signified by the acronyms at some point, but for now you can get good definitions of these terms at the links I listed above as well as Tech Target, Webopedia, one of my favorites, and FOLDOC: The Free On-Line Dictionary of Computing which you will like, I'm sure.




3Dnow!:  MultiMedia Extensions (AMD)

ABIOS:  Advanced Basic Input Output System

AC:  Alternating Current

ACI:  Automatic Channel Installation

ACPI:  Advanced Configuration and Power Interface

ADO:  ActiveX Data Object

ADSL:  Asymmetric Digital Subscribers Line

AGP:  Accelerated Graphics Port

ALU:   Arithmetic-Logic Unit

AM:  Amplitude Modulated

AMBA:7nbsp; Advanced Micro controller Bus Architecture

AMD:  Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.

AMI:  American Megatrends Inc.

ANSI:  American National Standards Institute

APIC:  Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller

APM:  Advanced Power Management

ASCII:  American Standard Code for Information Interchange

ASIC:  Application Specific Integrated Circuit

ASPI:  Advanced SCSI Programming Interface

AT:  Advanced Technology

ATA:  AT Bus Attachment

ATAPI:  ATA Packet Interface

ATM:  Asynchronous Transfer Mode

AT-RMP:  - AppleTalk Routing Maintenance Protocol

AUI: Adapter Unit Interface

AVI:  Audio Video Interleaved

BAT:  Bandwidth Allocation Technology

BBS:  Bulletin Board System

BBS:  BIOS Boot Specification

BCC:  Block Check Character

BCC:  Blind Carbon Copy

BCD:  Binary Coded Decimal

BINAC:7nbsp; BINary Automatic Computer

BIOS:  Basic Input / Output System

BNC:  Bayonet Nut Connector

BPB:  BIOS Parameter Block

BPP:  Bits Per Pixel

BPS/bps:  Bytes/bits Per Second

BSC:  Binary Synchronous Communications

BSD:  Berkeley Standard Distribution

BTU:  British Thermal Units

CAD:  Computer Aided Design

CAM:  Computer Aided Manufacturing

CAS:  Column Address Strobe

CASE:  Computer-Aided Software Engineering

CBT:  Computer-Based Training

CD:  Carrier Detect

CDI:  Common Data Interface

CDRAM:  Cached Dynamic Random Access Memory

CDROM:  Compact Disk Read Only Memory

CD-PROM:  Compact Disc-Programmable Read Only Memory

CD-R:  Compact Disc-Recordable

CD-RW:  Compact Disc-Rewritable

CFI:  Common Flash Interface

CGA:  Color Graphics Adapter

CGI:  Common Gateway Interface

CHS:  Cylinder Head Sector

CMOS:  Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor

CPI:  Clocks Per Instruction

CPS:  Characters Per Second

CPU:  Central Processing Unit

CR:  Carriage Return

CRC:  Cyclical Redundancy Check

CRT:  Cathode Ray Tube

CSCW:  Computer Supported Co-operative Work-groupware

CSR:  Command Status Register

CTS:  Clear To Send

DAT:  Digital Audio Tape

DB:  Database

DC:  Direct Current

DCD:  Data Carrier Detect

DCE:  Data Circuit-terminating Equipment

DD:  Double Density

DDR:  Double Data Rate

DEC:  Digital Equipment Corporation

DHCP:  Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DIMM:  Dual Inline Memory Module

DIP:  Dual-In-line Package

DLL:  Dynamic Link Library

DMA:  Direct Memory Access

DMI:  Desktop Management Interface

DNS:  Domain Name Server

DoS:  Denial-of-Service

DOS:  Disk Operating System

DPE:  Data Parity Error

DRAM:  Dynamic Random Access Memory

DS:  Double Sided

DSL:  Digital Subscriber Line

DSP:  Digital Signal Processor

DSR:  Data Set Ready

DTC:  Data Terminal Controller

DTE:  Data Terminating Equipment

DTR:  Data Terminal Ready

DUN:  Dial-Up Networking

DVD:  Digital Versatile Disc (Digital Video Disc)

EBCDIC:  Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code

EC:  Error Check

ECC:  Error Check and Correction

ECP:  Enhanced Communication Port

ECU:  EISA Configuration Utility

EDI:  Electronic Data Interchange also referred to as electronic commerce

EDO:  Extended Data Out RAM

EEPROM:  Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory

EGA:  Enhanced Graphics Adapter

EIA:  Electronic Industries Association

EIDE:  Enhanced Integrated Device Electronics

EISA:  Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture

EMI:  Electro-Magnetic Interference

EMF:  Electro-Magnetic Force

EMS:  Expanded Memory Specification

EOF:  End Of File

EOL:  End Of Line

EPP:  Enhanced Parallel Port

EPROM:  Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory

ESCD:  Extended System Configuration Data

ESD:  Electro-Static Discharge

ESDI:  Enhanced Small Devices Interface

ESP:  Eudora Sharing Protocol

EULA"  End User License Agreement (Always read the Eula)

FAQ:  Frequently Asked Question - not specifically a computer acronym but handy nonetheless

FAT:  File Allocation Table

FCB:  File Control Block

FCC:  Federal Communications Commission

FDD:  Fixed/Floppy Disk Drive

FDHD:  Floppy Drive, High Density

FDDI:  Fiber Distributed Data Interface

FDM:  Frequency Division Multiplexing

FDX:  Full-Duplex Transmission

FE:  Front End

FEP:  Front End Processor

FF:  Form Feed

FIFO:  First-In First-Out

FILO:  First-In Last-Out

FM:  Frequency Modulation

FPGA:  Field Programmable Gate Array

FPM:  Fast Page Mode RAM

FPU:  Floating Point Unit

FRAM:  Ferroelectric RAM

FRC:  Functional Redundancy Checking

FRU:  Field-Replaceable Unit

FSF:  Free Software Foundation

FSK:  Frequency Shifty Keying

FSP:  File Service Protocol

FTP:  File Transfer Program

GAS:  Gallium Arsenide

GB:  Gigabyte - equal to 1,000 megabytes

GbE:  Gigabit Ethernet

GFLOPS:  Billions of FLOating Point Operations Per Second

GHZ:  Gigahertz

GIF:   Graphic Interchange Format

GUI:  Graphical User Interface

HD:  High Density / Hard Disk

HDD:  Hard Disk Drive

HDX:  Half-Duplex Transmission

HFS:  Hierarchical File System

HMA:  High Memory Area

HP:  Hewlett-Packard

HPFS:  High Performance File System

HSL:  Hypermedia Synchronization Language

HTML:  HyperText Markup Language

HTTP:  Hypertext Transfer Protocol

Hub:  Network Hub (Concentrator)

I/O:  Input/Output

IBM:  International Business Machines Corporation

IANA: Internet Assigned Numbers Authority

IBM:  International Business Machines

IC:  Integrated Circuit

ICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol

IDE:  Integrated Device Electronics

IDSL-ISDN:  Digital Subscriber Line

IEEE:&bsp; 1394 - Firewire - iLink

IEEE:  Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers

IGMP:  Internet Group Management Protocol

IMP:  Interface Message Processor

IP:  Internet Protocol

IPC:  Inter Process Communication

IPX:  Inter network Packet eXchange

IRC:  Internet Relay Chat

IRQ:  Interrupt ReQuest

ISA:  Industry Standard Architecture

ISDN:  Integrated Services Digital Network

ISO:  International Standards Organization

JFIF-JPEG:  File Interchange Format

JFS:  Journalized File System

JPEG: Joint Photographics Experts Group

kb:  Kilobit

Kbps:  kilobits per second

KB:  Kilobyte

KNI:  Katmai New Instructions

kVA:  KiloVolt-Amps

LAN:  Local Area Network

LAWN: Local-Area Wireless Network

LBA:  Linear Block Array / Addressing

LCD:  Liquid Crystal Display

LED:  Light Emitting Diode

LF:  Line Feed

LIM:  Lotus/Intel/Microsoft's Expanded Memory Manager

LPT:  Line Printing Terminal also Local Printer Terminal

LRU:  Least-Recently Used

LSB/lsb:  Least Significant Byte/bit

LSI:  Large Scale Integration

LUN:  Logical Unit Number

MAC:  Macintosh (a brand of PC)

MAN:  Metropolitan Area Network

MB/Mb:  Mega Bytes/bits 1 million bytes

MBR:  Master Boot Record

MCA:  Micro Channel Architecture

MCGA:  Multi-Color Graphics Array

MCM:  Multi-Chip Module

MDRAM:  Multi-bank RAM

MFLOPS:  Millions of FLOating Point Operations per Second

MFM:  Modified Frequency Modulated

MHz:  MegaHertz

MICR:  Magnetic Ink Character Recognition

MIDI:  Musical Instrument Data Interface

MIMD:  Multiple-Instruction Multiple-Data

MIME:  Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

MIPS:  Millions of Instructions per Second

MISD:  Multiple-Instruction Single Data

MMU:  Memory Management Unit
MMX:  Multi-Media Extensions

MNP:  Microcom Network Protocol

MODEM:  MOdulator / DEModulator

MOPS:  Millions of Operations Per Second

MOS:  Metal-Oxide Semiconductor

MP3:  MPeg-1 audio layer 3

MP:  Multi-Processor

MPC:  Multimedia Personal Computer

MPEG:  Motion Picture Experts Group

MPP:  Massively Parallel Processor

MPS:  Multi-Processor System

MSB/msb:  Most Significant Byte/bit

MSDOS:  Microsoft's Disk Operating System

MSI:  Medium Scale Integration

MTBF:  Mean Time Between Failure

N/C:  No-Connect

NBS:  National Bureau of Standards

NDMP:  Network Data Management Protocol

NEMA:  National Electrical Manufacturers Association

NFS:  Network File System

NFU:  Not-Frequently Used

NIC:&bsp; Network Interface Card

NMI:  Non-Maskable Interrupt

NMOS:  Negatively doped Metal-Oxide Semiconductor

NOP:  No OPeration NRU Not-Recently Used

NSF:  National Science Foundation

NTFS:  New Technology File System

NVRAM:  NonVolatile Random Access Memory

OCR:  Optical Character Recognition

ODBC:  Open Database Connectivity

ODI:  Open Data link Interface

OEM:  Original Equipment Manufacturer

OS:  Operating System

OSF:  Open Software Foundation

OSI:  Open Systems Interconnect

PAL/PLA:  Programmable Array Logic / Logic Array

PB:  Push Button

PBX:  Private Branch eXtender

PC:  Personal Computer, Program Counter

PCB:  Printed Circuit Board

PCI:  Peripheral Component Interconnect

PCM:  Pulse Code Modulation

PCMCIA:  Personal Computer Memory Card International Association

PDF:  Portable Document Format

PE:  Processor Element

PEM:  Privacy Enhanced Mail

Perl:  Practical Extraction and Report Language

PFF:  Page Fault Frequency

PGA:  Professional Graphics Array

PGA:  Pin Grid Array

PIC:  Programmable Interrupt Controller

PING:  Packet Internet Groper

PIO:  Programmed Input / Output

PIROM:  Processor Information ROM

PLCC:  Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier

PLL:  Phase Locked Loop

PM:  Preventive Maintenance

PMOS:  Positively doped Metal-Oxide Semiconductor

PnP:  Plug-and-Play

POP:  Post Office Protocol

POST:  Power On Self Test

PPP:  Point-to-Point Protocol

PQFP:  Plastic Quad Flat Pack

PROM:  Programmable Read Only Memory

PSTN:  Public Switched Telephone Network

PSU:  Power Supply Unit

PTE:  Page Table Entry

PWB:  Printed Wire Board

QAM:  Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

QFP:  Quad Flat Pack

QIC:  Quarter Inch Cartridge

RAID:  Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks

RAM:  Random Access Memory

RAMDAC:  Random Access Memory Digital to Analogue Converter

RAS:  Row Address Strobe

RCA:  Radio Corporation of America

RCC:  Routing Control Center

RDRAM:  Rambus DRAM

RFC:  Request For Comments

RFI:  Radio Frequency Interference

RI:  Ring Indicator

RISC:  Reduced Instruction-Set Computer

RLL:  Run Length Limited

RMON: Remote Monitoring

RMS:  Root Mean Squared

RMW:  Read Modify Write

ROM:  Read Only Memory

RPC:  Remote Procedure Call

RPG:  Role-Playing Game

RPM:  Rotations Per Minute

RTC:  Real Time Clock

RTF:  Rich Text Format

RTS:  Request To Send

RTSP: Realtime Streaming Protocol

SAM:  Sequential Access Memory

SAN:  Storage Area Network

SASI:  Shugart Associates Standard Interface

SATA:  Serial Advanced Technology Attachment

SCSI:  Small Computer Systems Interface

SD:  Single Density

SDLC:  Synchronous Data Link Control

SDRAM:  Synchronous Dynamic RAM

SDRAM DDR:  Double Data Rate SDRAM

SDRAM BDDR:  Bi-Directional Strobed DDR SDRAM

SE:  Systems Engineer

SEC:  Single Edge Contact

SFF:  Small Form Factor

SGI:  Silicon Graphics Incorporated

SGRAM:  Synchronous Graphics RAM

SIMD:  Single-Instruction Multiple-Data

SIMM:  Single Inline Memory Module

SIPP:  Single Inline Pinned Package

SISD:  Single-Instruction Single-Dat

SLDRAM:  SyncLink DRAM

SLIP:  Serial Line Internet Protocol

SMD:  Surface Mount Device

SMT:  Surface Mount Technology

SMTP:  Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

SNA:  System Network Architecture

SNR:  Signal to Noise Ratio

SO/SOL:  Small Out Line

SOIC:  Small Outline Integrated Circuit

SPOOL:  Simultaneous Peripheral Operation On Line

SQL:  Structured Query Language

SPIM:  Spam Over Instant Messaging

SPT:  Sectors Per Track

SPU:  Single Processor Unit

SRAM:  Static Random Access Memory

SS:  Single Sided

SSL:  Secure Sockets Layer

STDM:  Synchronous Time Division Multiplexing

STN:  Super Twisted Nematic

STT:  Secure Transaction Technology

STU:  Streaming Tape Unit

SVG:  Scalable Vector Graphics

SVGA:  Super Video Graphics Array

TCM:  Trellis Code Modulation

TCP/IP:  Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol

TDM:  Time Division Multiplexing

TFT:  Thin Film Transistor

TI:  Texas Instruments

TIA:  Telecomm Industry Association

TLB:  Translation-Look aside Buffer

TPI:  Tracks Per Inch

TRANSISTOR:  TRANSformer resISTOR

TSR:  Terminate and Stay Resident

TTL:  Transistor-Transistor Logic

UAE:  Unrecoverable Application Error

UART:  Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter

UDP:  User Datagram Protocol

UltraDMA:  Ultra Direct Memory Access

UMB:  Upper Memory Block

UNIX:  A trademark used for a computer disk operating system

URL:  Universal Resource Locator - a sites web address

UPS:  Un-interruptible Power Supply

USB:  Universal Serial Bus

USL:  UNIX System Labs

UUCP:  UNIX to UNIX Copy Program

VBE:  Video BIOS Extensions

VCR:  Video Cassette Recorder

VESA:  Video Enhanced Standards Association

VGA:  Video Graphics Array

VLB:  VESA Local Bus

VLAN:  Virtual LAN

VLIW:  Very Long Instruction Word

VLSI:  Very Large Scale Integration

VM:  Virtual Memory

VME:  Versa Module Euro-card

VPN:  Virtual Private Network

VRAM:  Video Random Access Memory

VRML:  Virtual Reality Mark-up Language

VRT:  Voltage Reduction Technology

VTR:  Video Tape Recorder

W3:  World Wide Web

W3C:  World Wide Web Consortium

WAFS:  Wide-area File Sharing

WAN:  Wide Area Network

WAP:  Wireless Application Protocol

WATS:  Wide Area Telephone Service

WAV:  WAV audio file

WD:  Western Digital

WebCGM:  Web Computer Graphics Metafile

WIMP:  Windows, Icons, Menus and Pointing Device

WINSOCK:  Windows Socket

WMF:  Windows Meta File

WML:  Wireless Markup Language

WORM:  Write Once - Read-Many

WP:  WordPerfect

WPA:  Windows Product Activation

WRAM:  Window Random Access Memory

WWW:  World Wide Web

WS:  Wait State

XGA:  eXtended Graphics Array

XML:  Extensible Markup Language

XMS:  Extended Memory Specification

XOR:  Exclusive-OR

XT:  eXtended Technology

ZIF:  Zero Insertion Force

ZV-Port: Zoomed Video Port








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